Faktor-Faktor Penentu Produktivitas Penyadapan Getah Pinus pada Praktik Pemanenan Hutan Tingkat Lanjut: Studi Kasus Hutan Pinus Cangkurawok, Kabupaten Bogor

Abstract

Forests are a unified ecosystem that provides various important benefits for human life, both in the form of timber and non-timber forest products (NTFPs). One of the NTFPs that has high economic value and development prospects in Indonesia is pine resin. Pine resin (oleoresin) is used as a raw material for various industries, such as chemical, pharmaceutical, and food, so optimizing its production is important. Pine resin production is influenced by various factors, both internal to the tree and external to the environment, including the tapping technique and direction applied. Therefore, a study is needed to understand the variation in resin production based on the location of the tapping wound on the pine tree trunk. This study aims to measure pine resin production in various tapping wound directions (north, south, east, and west), identify production variations between trees with different characteristics, and analyze tree and environmental factors that affect resin productivity. The research method was carried out through field practicums in the Cangkurawok Pine Forest area, Bogor Regency. Tapping was carried out using a drilling method on several sample trees with different characteristics without the use of stimulants. Each tree was made with four tapping wounds in different cardinal directions. The sap was harvested after one week, then weighed using an analytical balance and analyzed descriptively. The results showed variation in pine resin production both between tapping directions and among tree characteristics. The north tapping direction produced the highest average production, while the east tapping direction produced the lowest. Trees with low crowns showed the highest sap production, while dense crowns produced the lowest. This variation was influenced by internal factors such as crown condition and trunk shape, as well as external factors such as tapping direction and the growing environment. These findings indicate that tapping technique and direction play a significant role in increasing pine resin productivity.